Neuro-Ophthalmology aims to address visual issues related to the nervous system. Visual disturbances can be caused by optical nerve, central nervous system (brain and spine), eyeball movement and pupil related disorders.
Optic nerve disorders include:
Compression
- Eye movement disorders:
- Diseases of the orbit cause restricted movement
- Diseases affecting the nerves to the muscles cause weakness
- Diseases can affect the transmission of signals between the nerve and muscle
- Diseases can affect the muscle
- Diseases can affect the parts of the brain that control movement
- Inadequate blood supply (Ischaemia)
- Inflammation
- Injury/trauma
- Raised pressure in the brain
- Raised pressure in the eye (Glaucoma)
Penyebab
Gangguan Neuro-Oftalmologi sangat tergantung pada adanya gangguan seperti:
- Kompresi oleh tumor
- Suplai darah yang tidak memadai akibat Hipertensi, Diabetes, Hyperlipidaemia atau merokok
- Peradangan yang disebabkan oleh penyakit-penyakit lain seperti gangguan jaringan dan sklerosis multipel
- Kompresi oleh tumor
- Suplai darah yang tidak memadai akibat Hipertensi, Diabetes, Hyperlipidaemia atau merokok
- Peradangan yang disebabkan oleh penyakit-penyakit lain seperti gangguan jaringan dan sklerosis multipel
Symptoms
Like its cause, the symptoms are also highly dependant on the type:
Compression caused by a tumour — Slowly progressing painless vision loss
Eye movement disorders — Double vision, blurred vision, unstable (shaky) vision, giddiness, unsteady gait, headaches and weakness
Inadequate blood supply (Ischaemia) to the optic nerve — Rapid vision loss that is usually painless
Inflammation — Rapid vision loss and problems with colour vision; if the optic nerve is involved, there may be pain behind your eyes
Injury/trauma — Symptoms will depend on the type and position of the injury
Raised pressure in the brain — Headache with nausea or vomiting, temporary vision loss, or neurological disturbances in other parts of your body (weakness or loss of balance)
The most common symptoms of Neuro-ophthalmological Disorders are typically vision loss or disturbance, double vision, unequal pupils, and eyelid and facial spasms.
Treatment
Depending on the mix of cause and symptoms, our specialists at Gleneagles Hospitals will recommend the correct type of treatment or you may be referred to a neurologist or other specialists.
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