There are risk factors that includes:

- First pregnancy in the later stage of life

- Menopause at a late life stage

- Relative who has ovarian cancer, specifically if they hold the brca gene

- Endometriosis

- Breast cancer

- Menstruation started at an early age

- Used hormone replacement therapy for more than five years

- Overweight in early adulthood

These signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer includes:

- Abdominal swelling and discomfort (pressure, fullness, or bloating)

- Changes in bowel habits for example constipation

- Loss of appetite or weight loss

- Lower back pain - Pain during sexual intercourse

- Persistent indigestion, gas, or nausea

- Urgency to pass urine or frequent need to urinate

The treatment for ovarian cancer usually includes a combination of surgery and chemotherapy:

- Chemotherapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells after surgery.

- Surgery to remove the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and the lymph nodes