- Brain infections, trauma to the head, and lead poisoning

- Use of drugs, high blood pressure, and infections during pregnancy

- Hereditary

- Neurological (brain) imbalance affecting areas that control focusing, planning and organization

There are three main signs associated with ADHD:

- Being hyperactive

- Displaying impulsive behaviour, having a short temper, and prone to accidents

- Hard to pay attention or focus on the tasks at hand

Academic:

- Acquire learning disabilities

- Deteriorating grades or scores on school tests

Cognitive:

- Difficulty in understanding the consequences of misbehaving

- Talking to themselves in a childish way

Emotional:

- Depression and lack of control of emotions

- Inability to follow instructions

- Inability to make friends

- Compulsive lying, stealing, and high-risk behaviour

- Poor social and problem-solving abilities

The treatment of ADHD might be any of the following or the combination of both:

- Diet and nutritional changes to improve general health, which may help reduce the symptoms of ADHD

- Educating the child and his/her family on behaviour changes

- Medication to control chemical imbalance in the brain and target brain area responsible for focusing and self-control

- Psychological counselling to help boost self-esteem

It is important to note that education and psychological treatments need to be used together with medication to ensure the best outcome.